Hyperglycemia is a well-known potential adverse effect of dexamethasone, a corticosteroid. Corticosteroids like dexamethasone can influence glucose metabolism by stimulating gluconeogenesis in the liver, increasing insulin resistance, and leading to elevated blood glucose levels. This is particularly important for clients who may have diabetes or are at risk for diabetes because the increased blood sugar levels can complicate their management.
Dexamethasone can also impact electrolyte balance, but the specific conditions listed, such as hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, or hyperkalemia, are not typically associated with the medication in the same direct manner. While dexamethasone can lead to changes in various electrolytes, hyperglycemia is a more consistent and notable risk that healthcare providers monitor closely in patients receiving corticosteroid treatment. This understanding is crucial for preventing potential complications and ensuring appropriate management strategies are in place.